48 | Energy Intel 2nd Quarter 2026
The path to clean energy has been more
challenging for some households than others.
One market segment that has had persistent
participation barriers has been mobile and
manufactured homes. Mobile homes represent
a unique segment of California housing, with
residents often facing higher energy costs relative
to their income. Smaller and older homes can
present additional challenges to installation as
space constraints and insufficient electric panels
are commonplace. Historically, this has made
the cost of switching to modern heat pump
technology prohibitive for many mobile home
residents.
There has been limited success in designing
energy programs that can effectively serve this
population in a scalable manner. Traditional
“direct install” programs have provided support,
although they are typically more comprehensive
and thus limited in the number of customers
they can serve. The overall costs of these
programs often include customer acquisition
and administrative costs that make the process
difficult to scale without significant investment.
TECH Clean California Incentives
Enable Contractors
Heat Pump Business Models
In 2021, California launched TECH Clean
California, administered by Energy Solutions with
its partner organizations, a market transformation
initiative aimed at driving market adoption of low-
emissions space and water heating technologies
for existing single-family and multifamily
residential homes. The initiative is designed
to inform decarbonization policy and to help
California achieve the goal of six million installed
heat pumps and attain carbon neutral homes
by 2045.
TECH Clean California At-A-Glance
• 80,000+ heat pumps installed statewide
• 1,600+ contractors participating
• Active in 54 of 58 counties
• 40%+ funding directed to low-income and
disadvantaged communities
From Barriers to
Breakthroughs: How
TECH Clean California is
Powering Mobile Home
Electrification
Contractors bring clean energy to
mobile homes through incentives and
innovative partnerships.
Evan Kamei, Jeffery Liang, Lillian Ross